Beyond the respective functioning of the classical gold standard and the interwar gold-exchange standard, one of the main differences between both periods was the degree of labour mobility. While the pre-1914 world was characterised by massive migration flows, the interwar years were marked by a dramatic fall in labour movements, owing to the adoption of restrictive immigration policies in the main receiving countries. As a result, labour mobility could no longer play the adjustment mechanism role that it did during the classical gold standard. Indeed, the existence of a number of adjustment constraints, including wage rigidities and factor immobility, led those countries with fixed exchange rates to adopt counterproductive adjustment mechanisms, such as trade protectionism, that result...
... on money supply: the British central bank bought government securities so that it could incr... to raising the unemployment rate, as in England where the number of unemployed persons was permane...
... is made of the ability of different central banks to stabilize output and inflation. Precisely, we c...
Lo scopo del presente saggio è di esaminare il regime applicabile a dati e informazioni detenuti dal settore pubblico. In particolare, il fondamento teorico del diritto d’autore e del diritto sui generis applicabile alla PSI è valutato alla luce dei diversi interessi insistenti sui dati pubblici: in particolare il titolo in base al quale la pubblica amministrazione applica termini e condizioni d’uso sull’informazione che detiene è analizzato e confrontato con le giustificazioni a fondamento delle esclusive autoriali tradizionalmente attribuite allo scopo di incentivare l’efficiente e sostenibile creazione e disseminazione di contenuti. L’esame intende contribuire al dibattito sulla potenzialità dell’attuale regime di tutelare tutti gli interessi coinvolti ovvero se sussista uno sbilanci...
...In recent years a number of central banks have adopted IT as a monetary policy regime. There....2 Monetary Policy Practice at the Bank of England . The BofE has introduced the IT regime in 1992. I...
... seasonal, it is not expedient for central banks to use official inflation index while formulating ...Thus, central banks of England, Canada, USA, Greece, Spain, Italy, Belgium, Nethe...
This article investigates the original contribution to the financial revolution of the Papal States at both the central and local level, with special reference to the evolution of the public debt of the Legazione Bolognese. It is argued that from the standpoint of public finance the contractual character of Papal power was a mixed blessing. On the one hand Papal authorities proved remarkably apt both at winning the trust of local investors and at mastering the art of public borrowing, on the other hand the close alliance with provincial oligarchies acted as a powerful barrier to the modernization of the state and the widening of the fiscal base.
... in Central Italy, the Papacy was able to bank on the tradition of Italian city republics, a trad..., the £ 1.2 million loan that the Bank of England furnished in 1694 to secure the monopoly charter w...
... a study carried out for the South West of England Regional Development Agency, SWRDA, Exeter. . Bodd... Capital Services in the United Kingdom', Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, Autumn . Oulton N. ...
... a sizeable new body of data for England for the period 1200-2000. He concludes that the su... the enforcement of new combinations to the banker or the financial sector in general. It is the coop...
... of the indicators are mostly from the World Bank WDI 2006, and is supplemented by national level st... and Identity, Penguin, Allen Lane, England . Srinivasan T. N. (2004), 'China and India: econo...
Die Baumwollgewerbe Nordwestdeutschlands und der westlichen Nachbarlander beim Ubergang von der vorindustriellen zur fruhindustriellen Zeit 1750-1815: Verflechtung und regionale Differenzierung, Beitrage zur Unternehmensgeschichte, Volume 11, by G. Adelmann, edited by Hans Pohl and Franz Steiner Verlag, is reviewed.
...In the wake of this change England's new industrial techniques of producing textiles ...Germany's cotton industry on the Western bank of the River Rhine owes its importance in the XIXt...
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